Part B

Alphabetical Glossary

This glossary contains every entry of the thematic glossary, arranged in the Egyptian alphabetical order customary in dictionaries. It is the order in which the uniliteral signs are presented in Chapter 1; the letter bar below leads to each letter.

Dots, hyphens and equals signs in the transliteration are ignored in the ordering, as is the capital letter at the start of proper names. Words with identical transliteration appear one after another, each with its own meaning and its place in the thematic glossary.

Each entry links to its place in the thematic glossary, where it appears alongside words from the same semantic field.

ꜣ

Transliteration	English	Thematic glossary
ꜣ	Vulture	Nouns › Birds
ꜣ	Emphasizes a preceding word or phrase.	Particles › Enclitic Particles
ꜣw	Long [of space]	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
ꜣwj-jb	To be happy (lit. Long of heart) Type: 3-inf	Verbs › Emotional & Psychological
ꜣw.t-jb	Joy, Gladness	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
ꜣb.jj	Panther	Nouns › Wild Animals
ꜣbw	Elephant	Nouns › Wild Animals
ꜣb.t	Family, Clan	Nouns › Family & Kinship
ꜣbd	Month (30d)	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
ꜣbḏw	Abydos	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
ꜣpd	Bird (Gen.), Duck	Nouns › Birds
ꜣm	To burn, burn upType: bi	Verbs › Worship & Offering
ꜣḥ.t	Arable land	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
ꜣḫ	Transfigured spirit	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
ꜣḫ	Glorious, Splendid, Useful, Profitable	Adjectives › Quality & Value
ꜣḫw	Sunlight, Sunshine	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
ꜣḫ.t	Horizon	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
ꜣḫ.t	Inundation Season (July-Nov)	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
ꜣsḫ	Sickle	Nouns › Tools & Implements
ꜣs.t	Isis	Nouns › Deities
ꜣšr	Roast meat	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
ꜣ.t	Minute, Instant	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
ꜣtp	To loadType: str	Verbs › Carrying & Loading
ꜣd	Angry, Aggressive	Adjectives › Emotional & Mental State

j

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
=j	, ,	My, MeNumber: SingularGender: CommonPerson: First	Pronouns › Suffix Pronouns
Jꜣb.t		The East	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
jꜣb.tjj		Eastern	Adjectives › Spatial & Directional
jꜣb.tjjw		Easterners	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
jꜣrr.t		Vine	Nouns › Trees & Wood
jꜣrr.t		Grapes	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
jꜣš		To summon, callType: str	Verbs › Communication
jꜣq.t		Leeks, Vegetables	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
jꜣ.t		Mound	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
jꜣ.t		Appointed office, Function, Position	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
j jꜣ	,	Used before a vocative. “O!”, “Oh!”	Particles › Interjections
jꜥj		To washType: 3-inf	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
jꜥw		Breakfast	Nouns › Meals
Jꜥr.t		Uraeus	Nouns › Deities
jꜥḥ		Moon	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
jw		Dog	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
jw		Island	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
jw		Wrongdoing, Injustice	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
jw		To comeType: irreg	Verbs › Coming & Going
jw		Particle introducing statements of fact.	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
jwꜣ		Ox (long horned)	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
jwꜥw		Heir	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
jwꜥw		Ring	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
jwꜥ.t		Inheritance	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
jwf		Meat, Flesh	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
jwn		Pillar	Nouns › Architectural Elements
Jwnw		Heliopolis	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
Jwn.t		Denderah	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
jwr		To conceiveType: str	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
jwt		The noun-clause counterpart of the negative particle n.	Particles › Negative Particles
jw.tjj		Serves as the relative-clause counterpart of n and nn. “Who/which not,” “Without”	Particles › Negative Particles
jwd		To separate, divide (+ r: X from Y)Type: str	Verbs › Opening & Closing
jb		Heart	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
jb		Mind understanding, Intelligence; Will, Desire, Mood	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
jb		To wish, think, feel, supposeType: bi	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
jbj		To thirstType: 3-inf	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
Jp.t-sw.t		Karnak	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
jm		There, Therein, Therewith, Therefrom	Adverbs › Spatial Location
jmꜣḫ		Veneration, Reverence	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
jmꜣḫ		The blessed state of the dead; Honor, Veneration	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
jmꜣḫ		To be provided for, reveredType: str	Verbs › Worship & Offering
jmꜣḫ.jj		Honored, Venerated	Adjectives › Quality & Value
jmj		Give! Put! Cause!Type: imp	Verbs › Giving & Taking
jm.j-r	, ,	Overseer	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
jm.j-r pr		Steward	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
jm.jjtw		between, in the midst of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
jmw		Ship	Nouns › Vehicles & Vessels
jm m		The prospective and imperative, respectively, of the negative verb jmj. “Do not!”	Particles › Negative Particles
Jmn		Amūn	Nouns › Deities
Jmn.t		The West	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
jmn.tjj		Western	Adjectives › Spatial & Directional
jmn.tjjw		Westerners	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
jm.t		Groaning, Grief	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
jn		by	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
jn		Particle introducing cleft sentences and yes/no questions.	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
jnj		To bring, fetchType: 3-inf	Verbs › Giving & Taking
jn jn jw		Introduces yes/no questions.	Particles › Interrogative Particles
jn.w		Produce, Tribute	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
jnb		Wall	Nouns › Architectural Elements
Jnpw		Anubis	Nouns › Deities
jnm		Skin	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
jnn		We [are]Number: PluralGender: CommonPerson: First	Pronouns › Independent Pronouns
jnr		Stone	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
jnḥ		Eyebrows (dual)	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
jnq		To embraceType: str	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
jnk		I [am]Number: SingularGender: CommonPerson: First	Pronouns › Independent Pronouns
j.nḏ ḥr		Always occurs first in the sentence, is always used with a second-person suffix pronoun attached, and usually with a following vocative. “Greetings!”	Particles › Interjections
jrj		To do, make, cultivate; To spend time, work; To beget (children)Type: 3-inf	Verbs › Giving & Taking
jr.jj		Thereof, Thereto	Adverbs › Spatial Location
jrp	,	Wine	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
jr=f, r=f	,	Emphasizes the subject’s role.	Particles › Enclitic Particles
jr.t		Eye	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
jrṯ.t		Milk, Cream	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
jhb		Dancing ritual	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
jhb.w		Ritual Dancers	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
jḫ		Used to mark sequential action. “Then”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
jḫ		“What?”	Particles › Interrogative Particles
js		Tomb	Nouns › Buildings
js		Tomb	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
js		Go!Type: imp irreg	Verbs › Coming & Going
js		Particle introducing subordinate clauses.	Particles › Enclitic Particles
jsw		“Behold, Look”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
jsf.t		Disorder, Chaos, Crime	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
js.t, jsw.t	,	Crew	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
jsṯ , jsk	,	Now Then, Behold	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
jsṯ / jsk	,	Can be used to mark a clause as dependent on a preceding clause or sentence. “Now then”, “Behold”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
jš		Saliva	Nouns › Body Substances & Physiological Products
jšs.t		“What?”	Particles › Interrogative Particles
jqr		Trustworthy man	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
jqr		Virtue, Excellence	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
jqr		Skillful, Trustworthy, Excellent, Superior in rank	Adjectives › Quality & Value
jqr		Skillful, Trusty, Trustworthy, Excellent, Superior in rank	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
jqḥw		Battle Axe	Nouns › Weapons
jqdw		Builder	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
jkm		Shield	Nouns › Weapons
jt	,	Father	Nouns › Family & Kinship
jt		Barley	Nouns › Crops, Food Plants and their Produce
Jtm		Atum	Nouns › Deities
jtn		Sun	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
jtrw		The river Nile	Nouns › Water & Waterways
jtrw		SchoenusRelation: 20,000 cubitsApproximate value: ~ 10.5 km	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring length / width:
jtḥ		To draw, pullType: str	Verbs › Carrying & Loading
jṯj		To take possession of, carry offType: 3-inf	Verbs › Giving & Taking
jdj		Senseless; Deaf; Dumb	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
jdb		River bank	Nouns › Water & Waterways
jdr.jjt		Punishment	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration

jj

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
jj		To comeType: irreg	Verbs › Coming & Going
Jjrḏ		Yeraza	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
Jjhm		Yehem	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
jj.t (infinitive)	,	To comeType: irreg	Verbs › Coming & Going

ꜥ

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
ꜥ		Arm	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
ꜥꜣ		Donkey, Ass	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
ꜥꜣ		Door	Nouns › Architectural Elements
ꜥꜣ		Great, Large, Grand	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
ꜥꜣ		Here	Adverbs › Spatial Location
ꜥꜣꜥ		To ejaculateType: str	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
ꜥꜣm		Asiatic man	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
ꜥꜣm		Throwstick	Nouns › Weapons
ꜥꜣm.t		Asiatic woman	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
ꜥꜣ.t		Linen, Cloth	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
ꜥw.t		Small cattle (sheep & goats)	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
ꜥb		Meal	Nouns › Meals
ꜥb.w		Purity, Purification	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
ꜥbḫn		Frog	Nouns › Fish & Other Aquatic Creatures
ꜥpšꜣ.jj		Beetle	Nouns › Insects
ꜥff		Fly	Nouns › Insects
ꜥfḏ.t		Chest	Nouns › Furniture & Household Objects
ꜥnḫ		Life	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
ꜥnḫ		To liveType: str	Verbs › Growth & Change
ꜥnḫ.t		Goat	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
ꜥrn-nw		Aruna	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
ꜥr.t		Buttocks	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
ꜥḥ		Palace	Nouns › Buildings
ꜥḥꜣ		To fight (against +r)Type: str	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
ꜥḥꜣ.wtj		Warrior	Nouns › Military & Conflict Roles
ꜥḥꜥ		To stand, stand upType: str	Verbs › Position & Stance
ꜥḥꜥ.w		Attendance, Service	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
ꜥḥꜥw		Lifetime	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
ꜥš		Cedar	Nouns › Trees & Wood
ꜥšꜣ		Lizard	Nouns › Wild Animals
ꜥšꜣ		Many, Numerous	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
ꜥšꜣ		Often	Adverbs › Quantity, Addition & Discourse
ꜥq		To enter; To set (of sun)Type: bi	Verbs › Coming & Going
ꜥq.w		Food	Nouns › Meals
ꜥd, ꜥḏ	,	To be safeType: bi	Verbs › Existence & State
ꜥḏꜣw		Guilty	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation

w

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
w		District, Region	Nouns › Settlement Types & Administrative Divisions
w		An enclitic negation after the prospective in wishes or commands. “Shall not”	Particles › Negative Particles
wꜣj		Far, Distant	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
wꜣj		From Afar, Long Ago	Adverbs › Distance
Wꜣwꜣ.t		Wawat	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
wꜣḫ		Flood	Nouns › Water & Waterways
wꜣḫ.jj		Columned forecourt	Nouns › Buildings
wꜣs		Dominion, Authority	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
Wꜣs.t		Thebes	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
wꜣ.t		Road, Way, Path	Nouns › Routes & Expeditions
wꜣḏ		Papyrus plant	Nouns › Reeds, Plants & Plant Materials
wꜣḏ		Fresh, Fortunate, Happy, Flourishing, Healthy	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
wꜣḏ		Green	Adjectives › Colors
wꜣḏ		Fortunate	Adjectives › Emotional & Mental State
Wꜣḏ.jjt		Wadjet	Nouns › Deities
wꜣḏ.w		Happiness, Success	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
wꜣḏ-wr	,	The Sea	Nouns › Water & Waterways
wj		Mummy case	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
wj	,	I, MeNumber: SingularGender: CommonPerson: First	Pronouns › Dependent Pronouns
wꜥꜣ		Curse	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
wꜥj		To be aloneType: 3-inf	Verbs › Existence & State
wꜥb		wꜥb priest	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
wꜥb		Pure	Adjectives › Quality & Value
wꜥb.wt		Priestly service	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
wꜥr.t		Flight, Fleeing	Nouns › Routes & Expeditions
wꜥ.tjj		Sole, Unique	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
wbn		To swell, riseType: str	Verbs › Growth & Change
wpj		To open, part, splitType: 3-inf	Verbs › Opening & Closing
wpw-ḥr		separated from, except, but	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with ḥr ḥr
wpw.t		Message, Business, Mission	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
wpw.tj		Messenger	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
wp.t		Judgement	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
wfꜣ		Lungs	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
wmt		Thick, Stout	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
wn		To openType: bi	Verbs › Opening & Closing
wn		Signifies that the sentence deals with a past action.	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
wn.wt		Service, Duty	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
wnw.t		Hour	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
wnm		To eatType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
wnn		To be, existType: 2-gem irreg	Verbs › Existence & State
wnnt		“Really”, “Actually”, “Indeed”, “Truly”, “In fact”	Particles › Enclitic Particles
wnt		Used to mark a clause with a nonverbal or verbal predicate as a noun clause. “That”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
wr		Great one, Elder, Leader	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
wr		Swallow	Nouns › Birds
wr		Great	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
wr		Much	Adverbs › Degree of Intensity
wrr.jjt		Chariot, Wagon	Nouns › Vehicles & Vessels
wrr.t		Crown	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
wrs		Head-rest	Nouns › Furniture & Household Objects
wrš.j		Watchman	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
wr.t		Crown of Upper Egypt	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
wr.t		Crown of Lower Egypt	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
wr.t		Very	Adverbs › Degree of Intensity
wrd		To tireType: str	Verbs › Existence & State
wrd.w		Weariness	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
wḥ.jjt		Village	Nouns › Settlement Types & Administrative Divisions
wḥꜥ		Fisherman	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
wḥm		To repeatType: str	Verbs › Communication
wḥmw		Herald, Reporter	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
wḫꜣ		Fool	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
wḫ.t		Darkness	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
wḫd.w	,	Pain	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
wḫd.t		Pain	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
Wsjr		Osiris	Nouns › Deities
wsr		Strong, Powerful	Adjectives › Strength, Ability & Character
wsḫ		Ornamental collar	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
wsḫ		Broad, Wide	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
wsḫ.t		Hall, Court	Nouns › Architectural Elements
wsš		To urinateType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
wsṯn		To strideType: str	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
wšꜥ		To chewType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
wšb		To answerType: str	Verbs › Communication
wšd		To question about: (+ ḥr)Type: str	Verbs › Communication
wt		Mummy wrappings	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
wtṯ	,	To beget; to bear a childType: str	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
wdj		To put, set, pushType: 3-inf	Verbs › Giving & Taking
wdpw		Cook	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
wdf		To delay, stallType: str	Verbs › Existence & State
wdf		Tardily	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
wdḥw		Offering table	Nouns › Furniture & Household Objects
wdḥw		Offering	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
wdḥw		Offering Table	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
wḏ		Command, Decree	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
wḏ		Order, Command	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
wḏ		Stela	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
wḏ		To order, commandType: bi	Verbs › Communication
wḏꜣ		To proceed, goType: str	Verbs › Coming & Going
wḏꜣ		To be well, prosperous, uninjuredType: str	Verbs › Existence & State
wḏ.jjt		Campaign, Expedition	Nouns › Routes & Expeditions
wḏꜥ		To judge, separate, decideType: str	Verbs › Communication
wḏꜥ.t		Judgement	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
wḏnw		Flood, Inundation	Nouns › Water & Waterways
wḏ.t		Command, Decree	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration

b

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
bꜣ		Ram	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
bꜣ		Soul	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
Bꜣs.t		Bubastis	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
Bꜣst.t		Bastet	Nouns › Deities
bꜣk		Servant, Laborer	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
bꜣk.t		Maidservant, Female laborer	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
bꜣgj		Lazy	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
bꜣgsw		Dagger, Knife	Nouns › Weapons
bjꜣ		Metal, Meteoritic iron	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
bjꜣ.t		Beer vessel	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
bjn		To be badType: str	Verbs › Existence & State
bjn		Bad, Evil	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
bjk		Falcon	Nouns › Birds
bj.t		Bee	Nouns › Insects
bj.t		Honey	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
bj.tj	,	King of Lower Egypt	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
bwꜣ		Magnate, Nobleman	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
bw-jqr		Excellence	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
bw-mꜣꜥ		Truth	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
bw-nfr		Goodness	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
bw-ḏw		Evil, Iniquity	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
bbw.t		Wig	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
bnw		Heron	Nouns › Birds
bnr		Sweet, Pleasant	Adjectives › Quality & Value
bḥs		To huntType: str	Verbs › Agricultural
bsk.w		Entrails	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
btꜣ.t		Injury, Harm	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
bd.t		Emmer wheat	Nouns › Crops, Food Plants and their Produce

p

Transliteration	English	Thematic glossary
P	Buto	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
pꜣ.wt	Original time, Creation	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
pꜣs	Water pot	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
pꜥ.t	Mankind	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
Pwn.t	Punt	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
pr	House	Nouns › Buildings
prj	To go, come outType: 3-inf	Verbs › Coming & Going
pr-mḏꜣ.t	Library (house of books)	Nouns › Buildings
pr.t	Emergence Season (Nov – Mar)	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
pr.t	Ritual procession	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
pr.t-ḫrw	Invocation offering	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
pḥ	To reach (a person or place)Type: bi	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
pḥrr	To runType: 3-gem	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
pḥ.tj	Strength, Might	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
pẖr.t	Medicine	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
psḏw	Back, Spine	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
psḏ.t	Ennead	Nouns › Deities
pgg.t	Toad	Nouns › Fish & Other Aquatic Creatures
p.t	Sky	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
ptr	“Who?”	Particles › Interrogative Particles
Ptḥ	Ptah	Nouns › Deities
pḏ.t	Bow	Nouns › Weapons

f

Transliteration	English	Thematic glossary
=f	His/Him/ItsNumber: SingularGender: MasculinePerson: Third	Pronouns › Suffix Pronouns
fꜣj	To rise, arise, lift upType: 3-inf	Verbs › Carrying & Loading
fnḏ	Nose	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
fgn	To defecateType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
ft	Disgust	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
fd.t	Sweat	Nouns › Body Substances & Physiological Products

m

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
m		Take!Type: imp irreg	Verbs › Giving & Taking
m		in, on, with, from, as, consisting of, by	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
m	,	“Who?”, “What?”	Particles › Interrogative Particles
mꜣꜣ		To see, look atType: 2-gem, irreg	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
mꜣj		Lion	Nouns › Wild Animals
mꜣꜥ		True, Righteous, Just	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
mꜣꜥ		Truly	Adverbs › Degree of Intensity
mꜣꜥ.t		Maat (Truth, Justice, Cosmic order)	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
Mꜣꜥ.t		Maat	Nouns › Deities
mꜣr		Poor, Needy	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
mj	,	Come!Type: imp	Verbs › Coming & Going
mj		like, according to, as well as	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
mj	, ,	Primarily used after the imperative. “Now, please”	Particles › Enclitic Particles
mjw		Cat	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
mjb.t		Axe	Nouns › Tools & Implements
mjn		Today	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
mjs.t		Liver	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
Mjktjj		Megiddo	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
m.jj		Likewise, Accordingly	Adverbs › Quantity, Addition & Discourse
m-ꜥ		together with, in the passion of, in the charge of, from, through	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
mꜥḥꜥ.t		Tomb, Cenotaph	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
mꜥkꜣ		Brave	Adjectives › Strength, Ability & Character
mw		Water	Nouns › Water & Waterways
mw		Water	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
m(w).t		Death	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
m(w)t		To die, perishType: bi, irreg	Verbs › Growth & Change
mw.t		Mother	Nouns › Family & Kinship
mwt		Dead Person	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
m-bꜣḥ		in the presence of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
m-bjꜣ		Occurs only as a separate word. “No!”	Particles › Interjections
mfkꜣ.t		Turquoise	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
mm	,,	among	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
m-mj.tt		likewise, similarly	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
mm.jj		Giraffe	Nouns › Wild Animals
m mnḫ		Thoroughly	Adverbs › Degree of Intensity
mn		Take!Type: imp irreg	Verbs › Giving & Taking
mn		To be firm, established, enduringType: bi	Verbs › Existence & State
mnj		To moorType: str	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
mnjw		Herdsman	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
mnw		Trees, Plantation	Nouns › Crops, Food Plants and their Produce
Mnw		Min	Nouns › Deities
mnw		Monument	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
mnw.t		Pigeon	Nouns › Birds
mnmn		To quake, move about ( + r / ḥr)Type: 2-gem, root:mn	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
mnmn.t		Cattle	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
Mn-nfr	,	Memphis	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
mnḥ		Papyrus plant	Nouns › Reeds, Plants & Plant Materials
mnḫ		Chisel	Nouns › Tools & Implements
mnḫ		Excellent, Efficient	Adjectives › Quality & Value
mnḫ.t		Type of Fabric, Clothing	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
mn.t		Thigh	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
Mnṯw		Montu	Nouns › Deities
mnḏ		Breast	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
mr		Canal	Nouns › Water & Waterways
mr	, ,	Pyramid	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
mr		Bad, Painful	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
mr		Sorely	Adverbs › Emotional & Psychological Manner
mrj		To want, desire, like, loveType: 3-inf	Verbs › Emotional & Psychological
mrj.t		Bank, Shore	Nouns › Water & Waterways
mrw.t		Love, Desire	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
m-hꜣw		in the neighborhood of, at the time of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
mḥ		To fill, complete, finishType: bi	Verbs › Construction & Labor
mḥ		CubitRelation: 7 palmsApproximate value: ~ 52.3 cm	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring length / width:
m-ḥꜣw		in excess of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
m-ḥꜣw-ḥr		in addition to, over and above, except	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
m-ḥꜣ.t		in front of, at the prospect of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
mḥ.jj		Flax	Nouns › Crops, Food Plants and their Produce
Mḥw		Lower Egypt	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
m-ḥrj-jb		in the midst of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
mḥ.t		The North (Lower Egypt, the Delta)	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
mḥ.t		Bowl	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
mḥ-tꜣ		CentarouraRelation: 1/100 arouraApproximate value: ~ 27.5 m²	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring area:
mḥ.tjj		Northern	Adjectives › Spatial & Directional
mḥ.tjjw		Northerners	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
m ḥtp		Safely (lit. in peace)	Adverbs › Emotional & Psychological Manner
mḫꜣ.t		Scales	Nouns › Tools & Implements
m-ḫmt		in the absence of, without	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
m-ẖnw		within, in, out of (for example, a room)	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
mẖn.tj		Ferryman	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ms		Child, Offspring	Nouns › Family & Kinship
ms		To bring, presentType: bi	Verbs › Giving & Taking
ms		This particle implies astonishment, reproach, objection, or particular persuasiveness. “Surely”	Particles › Enclitic Particles
m-sꜣ		in the back of, behind, following after	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
msj		To bear, give birthType: 3-inf	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
ms.wt		Children, Offspring	Nouns › Family & Kinship
m sf		Yesterday	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
msḥ		Crocodile	Nouns › Wild Animals
mss		Tunic	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
msq		Leather	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
msḏj		To hate, dislikeType: 4-inf	Verbs › Emotional & Psychological
msḏr	,	Ear	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
mšꜥ		Army, Soldiers	Nouns › Military & Conflict Roles
mšr.wt		Evening meal	Nouns › Meals
m-qꜣb (n)		in the midst of, in the folds of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with m m
mk		Opens main clauses or independent sentences. “Behold, Look”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
mks		Container for documents	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
mt		Vessel, Duct, Muscle	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
mt.wt		Semen	Nouns › Body Substances & Physiological Products
mtrw		Witness	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
mṯn		Path	Nouns › Routes & Expeditions
mdw		Speech, Word	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
m dwꜣw		Tomorrow	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
mdw-nṯr		Divine words (the hieroglyphic script)	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
Mḏꜣw		Medjay	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
mḏꜣ.t		Papyrus roll	Nouns › Tools & Implements

n

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
=n		Our, UsNumber: PluralGender: CommonPerson: First	Pronouns › Suffix Pronouns
n		to, for, because of	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
n		We, UsNumber: PluralGender: CommonPerson: First	Pronouns › Dependent Pronouns
nꜣ		Here, Hither	Adverbs › Spatial Location
njw		Bowl	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
njw.t		Town	Nouns › Settlement Types & Administrative Divisions
njw.tjj		Local	Adjectives › Spatial & Directional
njw.tjjw		Townsfolk	Nouns › Settlement Types & Administrative Divisions
n-jb		for the sake of, in order that	Prepositions › Other Compound Prepositions
njs		To summon, callType: str	Verbs › Communication
njtjt		To stutterType: str	Verbs › Communication
n.jj		Therefor, For it	Adverbs › Spatial Location
nꜥj		To travel, cross over by boatType: 3-inf	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
nw		Time	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
nwj		To bring backType: 3-inf	Verbs › Giving & Taking
nwj		To collect, assembleType: 3-inf	Verbs › Giving & Taking
nwḥ		Rope	Nouns › Tools & Implements
nw.t		Adze	Nouns › Tools & Implements
Nw.t		Nut	Nouns › Deities
nb	,	Lord, Master	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
nb		All, Every, Each	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
nbj.t		Reed	Nouns › Reeds, Plants & Plant Materials
nb-ꜥnḫ		Sarcophagus	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
nbw		Gold	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
nb.t	,	Lady, Mistress	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
nb.t pr		Lady of the house, Housewife	Nouns › Family & Kinship
Nb.t-ḥw.t		Nephthys	Nouns › Deities
nfw		Skipper	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
nfr		Good, Goodness, Beauty	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
nfr		Beautiful, Good	Adjectives › Quality & Value
nfr		Happily, Well	Adverbs › Emotional & Psychological Manner
nfr		Used only in combination with other words. Strong negation. “Not at all”	Particles › Negative Particles
nfrw		Beauty	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
nfr-ḥꜣ.t		Diadem	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
nmj		To travel by footType: 3-inf	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
n-mrw.t		in order that	Prepositions › Other Compound Prepositions
nms	,	Royal head-cloth	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
nn		Used primarily for negation of clauses and sentences. Negates present/future. “Not”, “No”	Particles › Negative Particles
n, nj		Used for negation of words, whether by itself or in combination with other words. Negates past/present statements. “Not”	Particles › Negative Particles
n, nn	,	See “Negative particles”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
nr.t		Vulture	Nouns › Birds
nhj		Little, Few	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
Nhrn		Naharin	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
nhs		Hippopotamus	Nouns › Wild Animals
nh.t		Tree (Gen.), Sycamore	Nouns › Trees & Wood
nḥꜣ.t-jb		Sadness	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
Nḥb.t		Nekhbet	Nouns › Deities
nḥm		Rescuer, Saviour	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
nḥm		To save, rescue, carry offType: str	Verbs › Giving & Taking
nḥḥ	, ,	Eternity	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
nḥs.j		Nubian	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
Nḫn		Nekhen (Hierakonpolis)	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
nḫt		To be forcefulType: str	Verbs › Existence & State
nḫt		Strong, Stiff, Victorious	Adjectives › Strength, Ability & Character
nsj.t		Kingship	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
nsj.t		Kingship	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
nsw.t		King (of Upper Egypt)	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ns.t		Seat, Throne	Nouns › Furniture & Household Objects
nšn.jj		Tempest, Rainstorm	Nouns › Weather
nk		To copulate, have sexual relationsType: bi	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
nkn		Injury, Harm	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
ngꜣw		Ox (long horned)	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
ntf		He/It [is]Number: SingularGender: MasculinePerson: Third	Pronouns › Independent Pronouns
nts		She/It [is]Number: SingularGender: FemininePerson: Third	Pronouns › Independent Pronouns
ntsn		They [are]Number: PluralGender: CommonPerson: Third	Pronouns › Independent Pronouns
ntk		You [are]Number: SingularGender: MasculinePerson: Second	Pronouns › Independent Pronouns
ntṯ		You [are]Number: SingularGender: FemininePerson: Second	Pronouns › Independent Pronouns
ntṯn		You [are]Number: PluralGender: CommonPerson: Second	Pronouns › Independent Pronouns
nṯr	,	God	Nouns › Deities
nṯr.j		Divine, Sacred	Adjectives › Quality & Value
nṯr.t		Goddess	Nouns › Deities
nḏm		Sweetness, Pleasure	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
nḏm		Sweet (of flavor)	Adjectives › Quality & Value
nḏrj		To grasp, hold fastType: 4-inf	Verbs › Giving & Taking
nḏs		Commoner	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
nḏs		Little, Small	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
nḏ.tj		Protector	Nouns › Military & Conflict Roles

r

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
r		Mouth	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
r		Opening, Entrance (lit. “mouth”)	Nouns › Architectural Elements
r		to, toward, against at the time of, concerning	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
r jqr		Exceedingly	Adverbs › Degree of Intensity
r-ꜥ		beside	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
rꜥ	,	Sun, Day	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
Rꜥ	,	Rē	Nouns › Deities
rꜥ nb		Every day	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
rwj	,	To go away; To escapeType: 3-inf	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
rw.jjt		Court of law	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
rw.tjj		Outside	Adverbs › Spatial Location
rwdw		Staircase	Nouns › Architectural Elements
rwd, rwḏ		Firm, Hard	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
rm		Fish (Gen. Sg.)	Nouns › Fish & Other Aquatic Creatures
r-mꜣw (n)		in the sight of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
rm.w		Fish (Gen. Pl.)	Nouns › Fish & Other Aquatic Creatures
rm.wt		Tears	Nouns › Body Substances & Physiological Products
rmn		Shoulder	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
r-mn-m		as far as	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
rmṯ		Man, Mankind, Egyptians	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
rmṯ		Egyptians (mankind)	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
rmṯ.t		Men, Mankind	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
rn		Name	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
r nw		At the proper time	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
rnpj		To be or grow youngType: 4-inf	Verbs › Growth & Change
rnp.t		Year (12m 360d)	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
r nḥḥ		For ever	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
rr		Time	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
rrj.t		Sow	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
r-rḫt		to the knowledge of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
r-ḥꜣ		out, outside	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
r-ḥꜣ.t		in front of, before (temporally and spatially)	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
rḫ		Knowledge	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
rḫ		To learn, experienceType: bi	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
rḫ.jjt		King’s subjects, Commonfolk, Mankind	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
r-ḫ.t		Weapons	Nouns › Weapons
r-sꜣ		toward the back of, after (temporally)	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
rs.jj		Southern	Adjectives › Spatial & Directional
rs.jjw		Southerners	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
rsw		The South (Upper Egypt)	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
rsw.t		Dream, Awakening	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
ršj, ršw		To rejoice, delightType: 3-inf	Verbs › Emotional & Psychological
ršw.t		Joy	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
rkrk		Snake	Nouns › Wild Animals
r-gs		beside, at the side of, in the company of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
Rṯnw		Retjenu (part of Syria)	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
rd		Foot	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
rd		To growType: bi	Verbs › Growth & Change
rdj		To give, put, placeType: 3-inf, irreg	Verbs › Giving & Taking
rdj.t / dj.t (infinitive)	,	var. of rdjType: 3-inf, irreg	Verbs › Giving & Taking
r-ḏr		all, whole, entire	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with r r
r ḏr=f		In Its Entirety	Adverbs › Degree of Intensity

h

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
hꜣ		Used before a vocative. “O!”, “Oh!”	Particles › Interjections
hꜣj		To come down, descend, returnType: 3-inf	Verbs › Coming & Going
hꜣw		Time (of), Era (of)	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
hꜣb		To send; To write toType: str	Verbs › Communication
hj	,	Husband	Nouns › Family & Kinship
hb		Plow	Nouns › Tools & Implements
hbj		To tread (in seed), plowType: 3-inf	Verbs › Agricultural
hb.jj		Ibis	Nouns › Birds
hp		Law, Ordinance	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
hnw		Jar	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
hnw		HinApproximate value: about half a liter	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring liquid volume:
hrw	,	Day	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
hrw		Pleasing	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
hrw nfr		Holiday, Good day	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles

ḥ

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
ḥꜣ		behind, around	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
ḥꜣ		Used as a wish. “If only”, “I wish”, “Would that”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
ḥꜣq		To loot, plunderType: str	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
ḥꜣ.t		Vanguard of army	Nouns › Military & Conflict Roles
ḥꜣ.t		Forehead, (Forepart)	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
ḥꜣ.tj		Heart (physical organ)	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
ḥꜣ.tjj-ꜥ		Count, Mayor	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ḥꜣ.t-sp		Regnal year	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
ḥꜥ		Flesh	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
ḥꜥj		Joyful	Adjectives › Emotional & Mental State
ḥꜥ.w		Body	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
ḥꜥw.w		Ships	Nouns › Vehicles & Vessels
ḥꜥw.t		Joy	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
ḥwj		To beat, strike, drive inType: 3-inf	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
ḥwj.t		Rain	Nouns › Weather
ḥwn		Youth, Young man	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ḥwn.t		Maiden	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ḥwrw		Poor, Wretched	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
ḥwt		Estate, Temple	Nouns › Buildings
ḥwt-nṯr		Temple (God’s Estate)	Nouns › Buildings
Ḥw.t-Ḥr		Hathor	Nouns › Deities
ḥb		Festival	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
ḥbs		Garment, Clothing	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
ḥbs		To clothe, cover up, get dressedType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
ḥp.t		Travel	Nouns › Routes & Expeditions
ḥpt		To embraceType: str	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
ḥfꜣw		Snake	Nouns › Wild Animals
ḥm		Male Servant	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ḥm		Indicates that the clause in which it occurs is an additional statement to one that has been made earlier. “And”, “Also”, “Moreover”	Particles › Enclitic Particles
ḥmꜣ.t		Salt	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
ḥmw		Steering oar	Nouns › Vehicles & Vessels
ḥmww		Craftsman, Expert	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ḥm-nṯr		Priest (Servant of God)	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ḥmsj		To sit, dwellType: 4-inf	Verbs › Position & Stance
ḥm-kꜣ		Soul priest	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
ḥm.t		Woman, Wife	Nouns › Family & Kinship
ḥm.t		Female Servant	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ḥm.t		Copper	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
ḥm.t-nsw		Wife of King (i.e., Queen)	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ḥm.t-nṯr		Priestess	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ḥn.jjt		Spear	Nouns › Weapons
ḥnꜥ		together with, and	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
ḥnw		Jar, Bowl	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
ḥnn		Hoe	Nouns › Tools & Implements
ḥns		Narrow	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
ḥnq.t	,	Beer	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
ḥnk.jjt		Bed	Nouns › Furniture & Household Objects
ḥn.t		Space of time, Lifetime	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
ḥntꜣsw		Lizard	Nouns › Wild Animals
ḥr		Face	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
Ḥr		Horus	Nouns › Deities
ḥr.j		Chief, Supervisor	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ḥr-jb		in the middle, midst of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with ḥr ḥr
ḥr.jj		who, which is upon, who is higher, upper, having authority over	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with ḥr ḥr
ḥr.jjw-šꜥ		Sand dwellers (Bedouins)	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
ḥr-ꜥ.wjj		immediately	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with ḥr ḥr
ḥr-ḫw		in exclusion of, except	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with ḥr ḥr
ḥr-sꜣ		toward the back of, upon, outside, after	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with ḥr ḥr
ḥr sjj ~ ḥr jšs.t		“How?”, “Why?”	Particles › Interrogative Particles
ḥr-tp		on behalf of	Prepositions › Compound Prepositions with ḥr ḥr
ḥḥj		To seekType: 3-inf	Verbs › Communication
ḥsj		To singType: 3-inf	Verbs › Communication
ḥsj		To favor; praiseType: 3-inf	Verbs › Emotional & Psychological
ḥsj		To praise (someone)Type: 3-inf	Verbs › Worship & Offering
ḥsmn		Bronze	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
ḥsmn		To menstruateType: str	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
ḥsq		To cut off (for example, a hand, head, etc.)Type: str	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
ḥs.t		Favour, Praise	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
ḥqꜣ		Ruler	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ḥqr		To hungerType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
ḥkꜣ		Magic	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
ḥtꜣ		Sail	Nouns › Vehicles & Vessels
ḥtp		Offerings	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
ḥtp		Altar	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
ḥtp		To be pleased, be at peace, satisfy, pleaseType: str	Verbs › Emotional & Psychological
ḥtp		To be happy, pleased, calmType: str	Verbs › Existence & State
ḥtp		Calm; Content	Adjectives › Emotional & Mental State
ḥtp.w		Peace, Contentment	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
ḥḏ		Silver, Money	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
ḥḏ		Mace	Nouns › Weapons
ḥḏ		Money, Silver	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
ḥḏ		White, Bright	Adjectives › Colors
ḥḏ.w		Onions	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
ḥḏ-ḥr		Cheerful	Adjectives › Emotional & Mental State
ḥḏ.t		The White Crown	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
ḥḏ.tjj		White sandals	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment

ḫ

Transliteration	English	Thematic glossary
ḫꜣ.jjt	Disease	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
ḫꜣw.jj	Night	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
ḫꜣb	Hippopotamus	Nouns › Wild Animals
Ḫꜣrw	Kharu (Canaan & Syria)	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
ḫꜣs.t	Hill country, Foreign land	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
ḫꜣs.tjjw	Foreigners, Desert dwellers	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
ḫꜣ-tꜣ	DecarouraRelation: 10 arourasApproximate value: ~ 6.81 acres	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring area:
ḫꜥ.w	Appearance in glory	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
ḫꜥw	Weapons	Nouns › Weapons
ḫꜥw nw ꜥḥꜣ	Weapons of war	Nouns › Weapons
ḫwsj	To pound; To buildType: 4-inf	Verbs › Construction & Labor
ḫbn.t	Crime, Accusation	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
ḫpr	To evolve, happen, occur, come into beingType: str	Verbs › Existence & State
Ḫprj	Khepri	Nouns › Deities
ḫprr	Dung-beetle	Nouns › Insects
ḫpš	Scimitar, Battle Axe	Nouns › Weapons
ḫpš	Foreleg, Thigh (Choice cut)	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
ḫft	in front of, in accordance with, as well as, at the time of, when	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
ḫf.tj	Enemy	Nouns › Military & Conflict Roles
ḫftw	Accordingly	Adverbs › Quantity, Addition & Discourse
ḫft-ḥr	in front of, before (a person or thing)	Prepositions › Other Compound Prepositions
Ḫm	Letopolis	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
ḫm	Shrine	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
ḫm	To be ignorant of, be unconscious ofType: bi	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
ḫm.t	Cow	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
Ḫnmw	Khnum	Nouns › Deities
ḫnms	Friend	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
ḫnr.t	Prison, Fortress	Nouns › Buildings
ḫnt	in front of, among	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
ḫntj	To sail upstream, travel southwardType: 4-inf	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
ḫntw	Before, Earlier	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
Ḫnt-ḥn-nfr	Nubia	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
ḫnd	To bend (wood)Type: str	Verbs › Construction & Labor
ḫr	Then, Now, Thus, Further	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
ḫr	with, near, under (a king), to (a person), by (agent)	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
ḫr	Used to indicate the inevitable result of an action described in some preceding clause. “Then”, “Now”, “Thus”, “Further”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
ḫrw	Voice, Noise, Sound	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
ḫrp	Manager, Controller	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ḫrpw	Mallet	Nouns › Tools & Implements
ḫrp.t	Dues, Taxes	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
ḫr m-ḫ.t	Now After, Later	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
ḫr m-ḫt	“Now after”, “Later”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
ḫr.t-jb	Wish, Desire	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
ḫḫ	Neck, Throat	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
ḫsbḏ	Lapis Lazuli	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
ḫsf	To oppose, ward off, punishType: str	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
ḫsf.t	Punishment	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
ḫ.t	Wood	Nouns › Trees & Wood
ḫ.t	Possessions, Property, Things	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
ḫt	through, pervading	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
ḫt	RodRelation: 100 cubitsApproximate value: ~ 52 meters	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring length / width:
ḫt-ꜥꜣ	Poultry, Edible bird	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
ḫtm	To close, sealType: str	Verbs › Opening & Closing
ḫdj	To sail downstream, travel northwardType: 3-inf	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)

ẖ

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
ẖꜣb		Crookedly	Adverbs › Emotional & Psychological Manner
ẖꜣr.t		Widow	Nouns › Family & Kinship
ẖꜣ.t		Corpse	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
ẖꜣ.t		Corpse	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
ẖnw		Interior; Royal residence	Nouns › Buildings
ẖnw		Inside	Adverbs › Spatial Location
ẖnn		To disturb; interfereType: 2-gem	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
ẖr		under, carrying (a load)	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
ẖr.jj-ḥb.t		Lector Priest	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ẖr-ꜥ		under the hand of, in charge of	Prepositions › Other Compound Prepositions
ẖr-ḥꜣ.t		Formerly, At the beginning	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
ẖr-ḥꜣ.t		before (spatially and temporally), in front of (superior in rank, in procession)	Prepositions › Other Compound Prepositions
ẖr(.t)-nṯr	,	Necropolis (land of the dead)	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
ẖrd		Child (in general)	Nouns › Family & Kinship
ẖs.j		Vile, Weak, Feeble	Adjectives › Strength, Ability & Character
ẖ.t		Belly, Body	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
ẖ.t		Belly, Womb	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)

s

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
=s	,	Her/Hers/ItsNumber: SingularGender: FemininePerson: Third	Pronouns › Suffix Pronouns
s		Man	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
sꜣ	,	Son	Nouns › Family & Kinship
sꜣ		Amulet	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
sꜣ		Protection	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
sꜣj		To become satedType: 3-inf	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
sꜣw		Magician	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
Sꜣw		Sais	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
sꜣw		To guard, watch overType: 3-inf	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
sꜣwj		To extend, lengthenType: 4-inf ~ caus	Verbs › Giving & Taking
sꜣb		Jackal, Wolf?	Nouns › Wild Animals
sꜣ-nsw		Prince (i.e., son of king)	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
sꜣḥ		To reach, arrive atType: str	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
sꜣ.t		Daughter	Nouns › Family & Kinship
sꜣ.t		Wisdom	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
sꜣtw		Ground, Earth	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
sjꜣ		Perception	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
sjꜣ		To recognize, perceiveType: str	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
sjj		“Who?”, “What?”	Particles › Interrogative Particles
sjj / st	, ,	She/Her/ItNumber: SingularGender: FemininePerson: Third	Pronouns › Dependent Pronouns
sꜥḥ		Mummy	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
sw		He/Him/ItNumber: SingularGender: MasculinePerson: Third	Pronouns › Dependent Pronouns
swꜣ		To pass, pass by (+ ḥr)Type: caus, str	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
swꜣw		Journey	Nouns › Routes & Expeditions
swnw		Physician	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
swn.t		Arrow	Nouns › Weapons
swr		To drinkType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
swrd		To cause: to be tiredType: str caus	Verbs › Existence & State
sw.t		Sedge	Nouns › Crops, Food Plants and their Produce
swt		Indicates a contrast with the preceding clause, phrase or sentence. “But”	Particles › Enclitic Particles
sbꜣ	,	Star	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
sbꜣ		Door, Gate	Nouns › Architectural Elements
sbꜣ		To teachType: str	Verbs › Communication
sbꜣ.jjt		Teaching, Instruction	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
sbj		Rebel	Nouns › Military & Conflict Roles
sbq		Splendid; Precious	Adjectives › Quality & Value
Sbk		Sobk	Nouns › Deities
sbṯ		To laugh, mockType: str	Verbs › Emotional & Psychological
sp		Time, Occasion, Event	Adverbs › Quantity, Addition & Discourse
spꜣ.t		District, Nome	Nouns › Settlement Types & Administrative Divisions
spj		To remain, to be left overType: 3-inf	Verbs › Existence & State
spr		Petition	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
spr		To reach (+r)Type: str	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
sp sn		Two Times, Twice	Adverbs › Quantity, Addition & Discourse
smꜣ		To bring together, uniteType: str	Verbs › Giving & Taking
smꜣ		To kill, destroyType: str	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
smj		To reportType: 3-inf	Verbs › Communication
smj.t		Charge, Accusation	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
sm.w		Herbs	Nouns › Reeds, Plants & Plant Materials
smwn		Opens main clauses or independent sentences. “Perhaps”, “Maybe”, “Probably”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
smr		King’s friend, Man of royal court	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
=sn		Their/ThemNumber: PluralGender: CommonPerson: Third	Pronouns › Suffix Pronouns
sn		Brother	Nouns › Family & Kinship
sn		To kiss (+ ḥnꜥ / r)Type: bi	Verbs › Love, Sex & Reproduction
sn	,	They/Them/ItNumber: PluralGender: CommonPerson: Third	Pronouns › Dependent Pronouns
snj		To pass, pass by, surpassType: 3-inf	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
snjj-mn.t		Distress, Calamity	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
snꜥꜥ		To smoothType: 3-gem	Verbs › Construction & Labor
sn.w		Brothers	Nouns › Family & Kinship
sn.w		Siblings	Nouns › Family & Kinship
snw		Companion, Fellow (Masc.)	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
sn.wt		Sisters	Nouns › Family & Kinship
sn.wt		Brethren	Nouns › Family & Kinship
snb		Health	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
snb		To be healthy, wellType: str	Verbs › Existence & State
snf.w		Blood	Nouns › Body Substances & Physiological Products
Snmw.t		Biggeh (the island of)	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
snn		Document	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
snḥm		Locust	Nouns › Insects
sn.t		Sister	Nouns › Family & Kinship
snṯr		Incense	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
snḏ		To fearType: str	Verbs › Emotional & Psychological
snḏ.t		Fear	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
sr		Clerk, High Official	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
sr		Sheep	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
sr		To foretellType: bi	Verbs › Communication
srw		Goose	Nouns › Birds
srf		Fever, Inflammation	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
srd		To cause to grow (to plant)Type: caus	Verbs › Agricultural
shr.t		Ship	Nouns › Vehicles & Vessels
sḫꜣ		To remember, recallType: str	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
sḫꜣw		Memory	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
sḫꜣw		Memory, Remembrance	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
sḫp		To leadType: caus	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
sḫm		Power, Might	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
Sḫm.t		Sekhmet	Nouns › Deities
sḫr		Plan, Counsel, Determination	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
sḫ.t		Marshland, Field, Outskirt land	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
sḫ.tjj		Farmer	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ssꜣj		To satisfy (+m)Type: caus, 4-inf	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
ssꜣw		Satisfaction	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
ssm		Horse	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
ssm.t		Mare	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
sš		Scribe, Writer	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
sš		Document	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
sš		To writeType: bi	Verbs › Communication
sšn		Lotus	Nouns › Reeds, Plants & Plant Materials
sštꜣ		Secret	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
sštꜣ		Secret	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
sštꜣ		To make secretType: caus, str	Verbs › Communication
sštꜣ		Secret	Adjectives › Quality & Value
sšd		Thunderbolt	Nouns › Weather
sšd		Window	Nouns › Architectural Elements
sqbb		To cause: to be coolType: 2-gem caus	Verbs › Existence & State
sqr		Wound, Injury	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
sqr		To hit, smite (with a cudgel)Type: str	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
sqr-ꜥnḫ		Prisoner of war	Nouns › Military & Conflict Roles
sqd		Sailor	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
skꜣ		Ox (plow ox)	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
skꜣ		To plowType: str	Verbs › Agricultural
Skr		Sokar	Nouns › Deities
s.t		Woman	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
s.t		Place	Nouns › Buildings
s.t		Seat, Throne	Nouns › Furniture & Household Objects
St.j		Nubia (land of Seti)	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
St.jw		Nubians	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
s.t-jb		Affection	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
stjj-r		Mid-day meal	Nouns › Meals
stnm		Confusion	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
Stḥ		Seth	Nouns › Deities
sṯꜣ.t		ArouraRelation: 100 centiarourasApproximate value: ~ 2,756 m²	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring area:
sṯj		Smell, Odor	Nouns › Body Substances & Physiological Products
Sṯ.t		Asia	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
Sṯt.jw		Asiatics	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
sd		To get dressed (in a kilt)Type: bi	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
sḏm		To hearType: str	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
sḏm.j		Judge	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
sḏr		To spend the night, lie downType: str	Verbs › Position & Stance
sḏ.t		Fire	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena

š

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
š		Lake, Pool	Nouns › Water & Waterways
šꜣ		Pig	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
šꜣb.w		Meals, Food	Nouns › Meals
Šꜣrwhn		Sharuhen	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
šꜣšꜣ.t		Necklace	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
šꜥj		Sand	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
šꜥ.t		Document	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
šw		Blank papyrus roll	Nouns › Tools & Implements
Šw		Shu	Nouns › Deities
šw		To be empty [of m]Type: bi	Verbs › Existence & State
šwꜣw		Poor Man	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
šps		Nobleman	Nouns › Social Roles & Status
šps		Noble, Rich, Valuable	Adjectives › Quality & Value
špsj		Noble, Excellent	Adjectives › Quality & Value
špss.w		Riches, Wealth, Precious things	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
šp.t		Anger	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
šfšf.t		Respect, Awe	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
šm		To goType: bi	Verbs › Coming & Going
šm		Hot	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
šmꜣ.w		Distress	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
Šmꜥw	,	Upper Egypt	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
šm.w		Harvest	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
šmw		Harvest Season (Mar – Jul)	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
šms		To followType: str	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
šnw		Hair	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
šnw.t		Granary	Nouns › Buildings
šns		Cake or Loaf	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
šn.t		Anger	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
šn.tj		Heron	Nouns › Birds
šnḏw.t		Kilt (for men)	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
šnḏ.t		Acacia	Nouns › Trees & Wood
šrj		Little, Young	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
šsꜣ		To know, be wiseType: str	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
šsp		To take, accept, receiveType: str	Verbs › Giving & Taking
šsp		White, Bright	Adjectives › Colors
šsp		PalmRelation: 1/7 cubitApproximate value: ~ 7.5 cm	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring length / width:
šsp.t		Cucumber	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
šsr		Arrow	Nouns › Weapons
štꜣ		Mysterious, Secret, Difficult	Adjectives › Quality & Value
št.jjw	,	Tortoise	Nouns › Fish & Other Aquatic Creatures
šdj		To cut out, dig, rescue, takeType: 3-inf	Verbs › Construction & Labor
šdw		Plot of Land, Field	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials

q

Transliteration	English	Thematic glossary
qꜣj	Tall, High	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
qꜣꜥ	To vomitType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
qꜣs	Rope ladder	Nouns › Tools & Implements
qꜣqꜣw	Travelling Barge	Nouns › Vehicles & Vessels
qꜥḥ	Elbow	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
qbb	To be coolType: 2-gem	Verbs › Existence & State
qbb	Cool	Adjectives › Physical Condition & Sensory Qualities
qnj	Brave, Strong	Adjectives › Strength, Ability & Character
qnb.t	Court of Magistrates	Nouns › Law, Justice & Administration
qrj	Thunder, Storm-cloud	Nouns › Weather
qrḥ.t	Vessel	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
qrs.t	Burial, Tomb	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
qḥ	Vase	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
qs	Bone	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
qsn	Difficult	Adjectives › Quality & Value
qd	To buildType: bi	Verbs › Construction & Labor
Qdšw	Kadesh	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions

k

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
=k		YourNumber: SingularGender: MasculinePerson: Second	Pronouns › Suffix Pronouns
kꜣ		Bull	Nouns › Domesticated Animals
kꜣ		Soul	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
kꜣ	,	Used to mark a clause with verbal or nonverbal predicate as the future result of the action of some preceding clause. “Then”	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
kꜣj		To think, planType: 3-inf	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
kꜣ.w		Sycamore figs	Nouns › Trees & Wood
kꜣ.w		Food, Sustenance	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
kꜣmw		Vineyard, Orchard	Nouns › Crops, Food Plants and their Produce
kꜣr		Shrine	Nouns › Buildings
kꜣr		Shrine	Nouns › Sacred Concepts & Ritual Objects
Kꜣš		Cush	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
kꜣ.t		Work, Construction	Nouns › Social & Political Concepts
kjj		Other, Another	Adjectives › Size, Quantity & Extent
km		To total up to, amount to, completeType: bi	Verbs › Existence & State
km		Black	Adjectives › Colors
Km.t		Egypt (The Black land)	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
Km.tjw		Egyptians	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
kkw		Darkness	Nouns › Celestial Bodies & Natural Phenomena
ktt		To be small, be the youngestType: 2-gem	Verbs › Existence & State

g

Transliteration	English	Thematic glossary
gb	Goose	Nouns › Birds
Gb	Geb	Nouns › Deities
gmj	To findType: 3-inf	Verbs › Communication
gm.wt	Weakness	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
gmḥ	To glimpse, look at, seeType: str	Verbs › Perception & Cognition
gmgm	To break, smashType: str	Verbs › Giving & Taking
grw	Also After negatives: Further, Any more	Adverbs › Quantity, Addition & Discourse
grḥ	Night	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
grg	Falsehood, Lie	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
grg	To set up, found, establishType: str	Verbs › Construction & Labor
grt	Now, Moreover	Adverbs › Temporal Reference
grt	Either	Adverbs › Quantity, Addition & Discourse
grt	Like ḥm but normally marks a new topic or a new line of thought. “Now”, “Moreover”, “But”	Particles › Enclitic Particles
gḥs	Gazelle	Nouns › Wild Animals
gs	To anointType: bi	Verbs › Worship & Offering
Gḏtw	Gaza	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions

t

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
t		Bread	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
tꜣ	, ,	Earth, Land, Ground	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
Tꜣ-ꜥ-nꜣ-kꜣ		Taanach	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
Tꜣ.wj		“The Two Lands” (Egypt)	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
Tꜣ-mḥw		The Land of the Delta (Lower Egypt)	Nouns › Egypt & Its Divisions
Tꜣ-stj	,	Ta-Seti	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
tj	,	Serves to mark a clause with verbal or adverbial predicate as an adverb clause.	Particles › Introductory/Proclitic Particles
tjw		Occurs only as a separate word. “Yes!”	Particles › Interjections
tj.t		Pestle	Nouns › Tools & Implements
twr	,	Reed	Nouns › Reeds, Plants & Plant Materials
tp		Head	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
tp		upon	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
tp-ꜥ		before	Prepositions › Other Compound Prepositions
Tfn.t		Tefēnet	Nouns › Deities
tm		To close, shutType: bi	Verbs › Opening & Closing
tm		A verb meaning “Cease”, “Fail”, “Not do” but it is used more often as the negative counterpart of various verb forms than as a verb in its own right.	Particles › Negative Particles
tnj		To ageType: 3-inf	Verbs › Growth & Change
tnm.w		Beer	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
tr		Time, Season	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
tr tjj	, ,	Occurs exclusively in questions. “Actually”, “Really”	Particles › Enclitic Particles

ṯ

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
ṯꜣw		Breath, Air	Nouns › Body Substances & Physiological Products
ṯꜣw		Wind	Nouns › Weather
ṯꜣm		To cover, veilType: str	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
Ṯꜣrw		Tjaru (eastern border fortress)	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
ṯꜣ.tj		Vizier	Nouns › Professions & Occupations
ṯw / tw	,	YouNumber: SingularGender: MasculinePerson: Second	Pronouns › Dependent Pronouns
ṯms		Red, Ruddy	Adjectives › Colors
ṯms.w		Injury, Harm	Nouns › Illness, Health & Physical Condition
ṯn		Where? From Where?	Adverbs › Interrogative Adverbs
ṯn		“Where?”, “From where?”	Particles › Interrogative Particles
Ṯnj		Thinis	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
**=ṯn / =tn**	,	Your (pl.)Number: PluralGender: CommonPerson: Second	Pronouns › Suffix Pronouns
ṯn / tn	,	YouNumber: SingularGender: FemininePerson: Second	Pronouns › Dependent Pronouns
ṯn / tn	,	You (pl.)Number: PluralGender: CommonPerson: Second	Pronouns › Dependent Pronouns
Ṯḥnw	,	Libya	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
Ṯḥnw.jjw		Libyans	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
ṯs		Vertebra, Spine	Nouns › Body Parts (Internal)
ṯs		Speech, Utterance	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
ṯsj		To raise, lift upType: 3-inf	Verbs › Carrying & Loading
=ṯ / =t	,	YourNumber: SingularGender: FemininePerson: Second	Pronouns › Suffix Pronouns

d

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
dꜣjw		Loin cloth	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
dꜣb.w		Fig	Nouns › Trees & Wood
dꜣr		To control temper, self; subdue foes, suppress evilType: str	Verbs › Warfare & Conflict
dj	,	var. of rdjType: 3-inf, irreg	Verbs › Giving & Taking
d.jjt		Papyrus plant	Nouns › Reeds, Plants & Plant Materials
dwꜣ		To worshipType: str	Verbs › Worship & Offering
dwꜣw		Dawn, Morning	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
dwꜣ-nṯr		To praise godType: str	Verbs › Worship & Offering
dwꜣ.t	,	Duat, the underworld	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
dwn		To stretch, stretch outType: str	Verbs › Position & Stance
db		Hippopotamus	Nouns › Wild Animals
dbḥ		To ask; To begType: str	Verbs › Communication
dbḥ.t-ḥtp		Funeral meal	Nouns › Death, Burial & Afterlife
dp		To taste, experienceType: bi	Verbs › Consumption & Bodily Functions
dp.t		Boat	Nouns › Vehicles & Vessels
dmꜣ		To stretch outType: str	Verbs › Position & Stance
dmj		Harbor	Nouns › Water & Waterways
dmj		To reach (a place)Type: str	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
dmj		To touchType: str	Verbs › Giving & Taking
dnj.t		Basket	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
ds		Flint	Nouns › Stone, Earth & Raw Materials
ds		JugApproximate value: unknown	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring liquid volume:
dšr		Red	Adjectives › Colors
dšr.t		Desert (the Red land)	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
dšr.t		The Red Crown	Nouns › Clothing & Adornment
dqr.w		Fruit	Nouns › Staple Foods & Drink
dgj		To look at (+ r)Type: 3-inf	Verbs › Perception & Cognition

ḏ

Transliteration	Hieroglyphs	English	Thematic glossary
ḏꜣ		Fire-drill	Nouns › Tools & Implements
ḏꜣj		To cross by river, ferryType: 3-inf	Verbs › Travel (Land & Water)
ḏꜣḏꜣw		Pot	Nouns › Containers & Vessels
ḏꜥ		Windstorm	Nouns › Weather
ḏw	,	Mountain	Nouns › Landscape & Terrain
ḏw		Bad, Evil	Adjectives › Moral & Social Evaluation
ḏw		Evilly	Adverbs › Emotional & Psychological Manner
ḏw.t		Evil	Nouns › Moral, Intellectual & Ideological Concepts
Ḏbꜣ		Edfu	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites
ḏbꜥ		Finger	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
ḏbꜥ		FingerRelation: a quarter of a palmApproximate value: ~ 1.9 cm	Numerals and Measurements › For measuring length / width:
Ḏf.tjj		Djefti	Nouns › Foreign Lands & Regions
ḏnd		Wrath	Nouns › Emotional States & Inner Conditions
ḏr		since	Prepositions › Simple Prepositions
ḏrj		Strongly	Adverbs › Emotional & Psychological Manner
ḏr-ꜥ		Long Ago	Adverbs › Distance
ḏr.t		Hand	Nouns › Body Parts (External)
Ḏḥw.tjj		Thoth	Nouns › Deities
ḏsr		Holy	Adjectives › Quality & Value
ḏ.t		Eternity (unending time)	Nouns › Time & Temporal Cycles
ḏd		To speak, talkType: bi	Verbs › Communication
Ḏdw		Busiris	Nouns › Cities & Sacred Sites